Arulmigu Kasi Viswanathar Temple in Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, is dedicated to Lord Shiva, revered as Kasi Viswanathar, with Parvati as Visalakshi. Built in South Indian architectural style, it dates back to the 16th century, constructed by Pandyan king Harikesari Parakkirama Pandian, with later enhancements by the Madurai Nayaks. The temple gained historical significance as the site of a temple entry movement in 1899, leading to riots that resulted in 22 fatalities.
A granite wall encloses all temple shrines, creating a serene space for worshipers. Open daily from 6 am to 12 pm and 4 pm to 8:30 pm, the temple observes four daily rituals and three annual festivals, most notably the Brahmotsavam festival in May-June. Managed by the Hindu Religious and Endowment Board of Tamil Nadu, it is a vital spiritual center, attracting devotees year-round.
According to legend, King Harikesari Parakkirama Pandian planned to establish a temple at Tenkasi but, after acquiring a Shiva lingam from Kasi, decided to place it in Sivakasi when a cow carrying it stopped under a vilva tree. The king interpreted this as divine guidance, and thus, the temple and town were named Sivakasi, after the sacred lingam brought from Kasi, honoring Shiva’s wishes.
Sivakasi’s significance grew under the Pandya and Nayak rulers. By the 19th century, Sivakasi became a commercial hub, particularly for the Nadar community. Their rise created friction with the Maravar community, who opposed their temple entry. The conflict escalated in 1899, leading to the Sivakasi riots, which caused extensive destruction and loss. The British intervened, ending the turmoil and ensuring temple access for all castes.